SRT (Stereotactic Radiation Therapy)

Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (SRT) is a precise and non-invasive form of radiation therapy used to treat various medical conditions, primarily in the brain, spine, and other small, well-defined areas of the body. Unlike traditional radiation therapy, which may involve several sessions and affect a broader area, SRT focuses high doses of radiation on a specific target with millimeter accuracy. This minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues, making it an effective option for treating tumors and other abnormalities. If you or a loved one is considering SRT, this guide will provide essential information about the procedure, its benefits, and what to expect.


What is SRT?

SRT involves delivering targeted radiation to a specific area of the body. It is similar to Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS), but while SRS is usually performed in a single session, SRT is delivered over multiple sessions. This fractionated approach allows the treatment of larger or irregularly shaped tumors and those close to sensitive structures. SRT is often used to treat small to medium-sized tumors in the brain, spine, lungs, liver, and other organs.


How Does SRT Work?

SRT uses advanced imaging technologies such as MRI, CT scans, and sometimes PET scans to create a detailed, 3D map of the treatment area. This allows doctors to plan the precise delivery of radiation, targeting the abnormal tissue while sparing nearby healthy tissue as much as possible. During each treatment session, the patient is positioned carefully, and radiation beams are directed from multiple angles to converge on the target. The number of sessions can range from three to 30, depending on the specific condition and treatment plan.




Conditions Treated with SRT

( SRT is used to treat a variety of conditions, including: )

  • 1. Brain Tumors: Both benign and malignant brain tumors, as well as recurrent tumors, can be effectively managed with SRT. It is particularly useful for tumors that are hard to reach or inoperable.
  • 2. Spinal Tumors: SRT can be used to treat tumors in the spine while minimizing the risk of damage to the spinal cord.
  • 3. Lung Cancer: SRT is an option for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer who are not candidates for surgery or prefer a non-invasive approach.
  • 4. Liver Tumors: Small liver tumors, including those that are primary or metastatic, can be treated with SRT, offering an alternative to surgery.
  • 5. Other Cancers: SRT can be used for tumors in other parts of the body, including the prostate, pancreas, and kidneys, depending on the size and location.

Benefits of SRT


  • High Precision: SRT’s pinpoint accuracy reduces the risk of damage to surrounding healthy tissues, leading to fewer side effects.
  • Non-Invasive: Unlike traditional surgery, SRT does not require incisions, reducing the risk of infection and allowing for a quicker recovery.
  • Outpatient Procedure: Most SRT treatments are done on an outpatient basis, meaning no hospital stay is required.
  • Flexibility in Treatment: SRT can be tailored to treat a variety of conditions, from primary tumors to metastatic disease, offering a versatile treatment option for patients.


Preparing for SRT

Before undergoing SRT, you will have a consultation with your radiation oncologist to discuss your medical history, treatment options, and the expected outcomes. You may undergo several imaging studies, such as MRI or CT scans, to create a precise map of the treatment area. Depending on the location of the tumor, you may be fitted with a custom-made mask (for brain or head tumors) or a body frame to ensure accurate positioning during treatment.



What to Expect During the Procedure

Each SRT session typically lasts between 15 and 60 minutes. You will lie on a treatment table while a linear accelerator or similar device delivers the radiation. The process is painless, and you will not feel the radiation beams. It is essential to remain as still as possible during each session to ensure the radiation targets the correct area. Depending on your treatment plan, you may need several sessions over a few days or weeks.


After the Procedure

Most patients experience minimal side effects from SRT, and you can usually resume your normal activities shortly after each session. Common side effects include mild fatigue, localized skin irritation, and headaches if the brain or head area is treated. These symptoms typically subside within a few days to weeks. Your healthcare team will provide specific instructions on managing any side effects and when to seek medical attention.


Do's and Don'ts During SRT Treatment

Dos:

1. Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions:
  • Take prescribed medications and follow dietary guidelines as recommended.
2.Stay Hydrated and Eat Nutritious Meals:
  • Proper nutrition and hydration can help your body cope with treatment.
3.Rest and Listen to Your Body:
  • Fatigue is a common side effect, so ensure you get plenty of rest.
4. Communicate with Your Healthcare Team:
  • Report any unusual symptoms or side effects immediately.
5. Attend All Scheduled Appointments:
  • Consistency in treatment sessions is crucial for the effectiveness of SRT.

Don'ts:

1. Don’t Miss Follow-Up Appointments:
  • Regular check-ups are essential to monitor your progress and manage any long-term side effects.
2. Avoid Strenuous Activities:
  • Refrain from heavy lifting or intense exercise during your treatment period.
3. Don’t Skip Medications or Pre-Procedure Preparations:
  • Follow all pre-treatment guidelines provided by your healthcare team.
4. Avoid Exposure to the Sun on Treated Areas:
  • If you have skin irritation from the treatment, protect the area from direct sunlight.

Conclusion

Stereotactic Radiation Therapy is a powerful tool in modern oncology, offering precise and effective treatment for a range of conditions with minimal side effects. Understanding the procedure and preparing yourself for what to expect can help alleviate anxiety and ensure a smoother experience. Always stay in close communication with your healthcare team to address any concerns and follow their advice to achieve the best possible outcome.